Fuel-injector.



G. E. WINDELER.

FUEL INJECTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 22, 1914.

Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

n n e aw :d. n rm m a mi fl ee wwfg w E m .m M M L GEORGE EDWARD WINDELER, OF STOCKPORT, ENGLAND, ASSIGN'OR T0 GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FUEL-INJECTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. to, 1915.

Application filed May 22,1914. Seri'al No. 840,252.

To all whom it may co ncern:

Be it known that I, GEoRcn E. WmnnLnR, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Stockport, county of Cheshire, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Injectors, of

-which the following is a specification.

20 perforations being staggered, and a needle valve that extends through the washers and is seated on the casing. Fuel is admitted to the casing at some point preceding the first Washer so that it must pass through perforations in all of the washers before entering the combustion chamber. These injectors are placed in a vertical position and the fuel discharged by the pump is supposed to be caught by the first washer and be held there by by capillary attraction until lrequired. At times the fuel thus admitted to the casing splashes on the side walls thereof labove the Washers and is held there by adhe ion until a serious accumulation takes place when it is liberated and f lls on the first washer and when the needle valve is opened is carried by the blast air 'nto the engine resulting in an abnormal increasing of pressure within the cylinder, and, violent knocking takes place accompanied by' overheating and a dirty exhaust. .The more viscous the fuel the more noticeableis the trouble. It is especially true of very high speed engines and is more in evidence on small engines than on large ones.

The obj cct of my invention is to provide a fuel injector or pulverizer in which the objections'above referred to are obviated,and.

trates one of the embodiments of my invention Figure l is a vertical section of my in proved injector or pulverizer; Fig. 2 is a plan View of the anti-splashing device; Fig. 3 s an inverted plan View of same, and Fig. e is an axial section through the anti-splashmg device.

5 indicates the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, and directly below the head. is the combustion chamber. The head is provided with an opening and mounted therein is the casing 6 of the fuel ln ector or pulverizer. This casing is provided with a conical end that is seated pressure tight in the head. The lower end of the casing is provided with a nut 7 to hold the flame plate 8 in place. The. casing isv provided with an outlet 9 and alined there-- with is a needle valve 10.

Surrounding the valve and suitably centered Within the casing is a sheath 11 and to the lower end of the sheath is attached a nut 12 having longitudinally extending passages 13 through which fuel and oil in atomized condition flow when the needle valve ISOPQIL' Surrounding the i'heath are perforated washers 14 which are separated by spacers 15. These spacers may be formed integral with the washers or not as desired. Each washer is provided with a plurality of holes, the holes in 'one washer being offset from those in the other so that the fuel particles will be finally divided in their passage to the combustion chamber.

Situated above the upper washer is an anti-splashing device for preventing the fuelfrom' being deposited on the inner wall of the casing 6 where it might collect to an objectionable amount. In other words, the anti-splashing device acts to confine the fuel admitted to the injector to a certain definite region, i. e. the chamber 16, and prevent it from being splashed or smeared over the inner wall on the casing above the upper washer where it might collect and be retained during several firing strokes of the engine, and which when it did enter the comincrease in pressure, cause knocking of the piston, overheating, and a dirty exhaust. This anti-splashing device comprises a disk 17, which is shown enlarged in F i s. 2 to 4. It is provided with a number 0 through ports 18 of which 3 are shown in the present instance. These ports diverge rather rapidly toward the outlet as indicated more particularly in Fig. 4. The object in diverging the bustion space would give rise to an undue ports is to increase the velocity of the compressed or blast air used to inject fuel into the combustion chamber against the compression pressure. The disk makes an easy fit with the inner wall. of the casing, and is held in place by, a collar 19 carried by the sheath 11. This collar isprovided with ports or passages that correspond in shape and position with'thos'e in the disk. The disk 17 also acts as an abutment for the washers 14,, and when the nut 13 is seated as shown it holds all the washers and the disk in place. In the side of the casing is a fuel supply conduit 20 that communicates with the pipe leading from the fuel pump.

21 indicates a conduit-for admitting compressed or blast air to the casing at a point above the anti-splashing device. This air is under very high pressure. It is not uncommon to use pressures from 800 to 1100 lbs. per square inch for this purpose. Of course, whateverthis pressure may be, that of the fuel supply must be superior. The

'fuel is delivered to the injector during the period that the needle valve is closed, the

' latter opening once for each firing of the cy nder which it supplies. The fuel passes through theconduit 20 and is discharged upon the upper disk where it is confined until the needle valve is opened.

spacers, a seat for the valve carried by the As soon as this happens, air from the conduit 21 rushes through the .ports 18 in the anti-splashing device and striking the oil below carries it through the holes in the disks and finally discharges it through the outlet 9 into the combustion chamber.

The valve may be operated in any suitable manner. As shown it passes through the top casing 25, and is provided with a head 26 that is normally forced downward by the coiled compression spring 27. On the valve is an abutment' comprising adjustable nuts- 8, the latter engagi h 2 1-. The

valve is opened against the tension or the spring by the lever 30, the latter being moved by a cam on the cam shaft in the usual way.

It will be noted in my improved construction that the fdel instead of being delivered to a large chamber where it is relatively unrestricted, is delivered to a chamber where it isponfined, and that when the needle valve is opened, the high pressure blast air strikes the body of fuel at a plurality of points, and forces it in a finely divided state through the outlet-9 into the combustion chamber. It will also be noted that the blast air has acquired a considerable velocity before it strikes the oil and that no opportunity is afforded for-the fuel to be pocketed and hence allowed to remain in the injector after.

the needle valve opens,

In accordance with the provisions of the I patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together supported by the casing adjacent the outlet and having passages for fuel and air that discharge into the outlet, a cdnduit delivering fuel to the top ofthe upper washer, and a conduit admitting compressed air to the casing, in combination with an anti-splashing devicewhich is situated in the casing between the fuel and air conduits and in close proximity to the first of the series of washers so as to form a chamber into which the fuel is delivered, said anti-splashing device hav ing an opening through which compressed air passes before it strikes the fuel.

2. In a fuel injector, the combination of a casing having an outlet, a plurality of perforated washers mounted within the casing,

spacers between the washers, a needle valve that, extends through the Washers. and

casing having an outlet a tubular sheath lo 5 cated in the casing, a nut secured to the sheath and provided with passages extendlng 4 toward the outlet, a plurality of perforated washers mounted on the sheath and separated one from the other, a needle valve that extends through the sheath, a seat for the valve carried by the casing, an anti-splashing device comprising a disk located in front of the first'washer and provided with ports that diverge toward the Washers, aconduit for admitting fuel to the region between said disk-and said first washer, and a conduit for admitting high pressure air to the casing on the inlet side of the disk.

' In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of May, 1914.

GEORGE EDWARD WINDELER.

Witnesses:

MALCOLM SMETHURST, GEORGE WEAVER. 

